diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/auto_recentre_stage.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/auto_recentre_stage.py
index f06a148b..a36feae2 100644
--- a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/auto_recentre_stage.py
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/auto_recentre_stage.py
@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 import numpy as np
 import logging
-import time
 
 from labthings_fastapi.thing import Thing
 from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.thing import direct_thing_client_dependency
 from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action
-from labthings_sangaboard import SangaboardThing
-from labthings_picamera2.thing import StreamingPiCamera2
+from .stage import Stage
+from .camera import Camera
 from openflexure_microscope_server.things.autofocus import AutofocusThing
 from openflexure_microscope_server.things.camera_stage_mapping import CameraStageMapper
 
-StageDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(SangaboardThing, "/stage/")
-CamDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(StreamingPiCamera2, "/camera/")
+StageDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(Stage, "/stage/")
+CamDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(Camera, "/camera/")
 CSMDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(CameraStageMapper, "/camera_stage_mapping/")
 AutofocusDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(AutofocusThing, "/autofocus/")
 
diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/autofocus.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/autofocus.py
index ab1325dd..c010a3f6 100644
--- a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/autofocus.py
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/autofocus.py
@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.thing import direct_thing_client_dependency
 from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.blocking_portal import BlockingPortal
 from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action
 from labthings_fastapi.types.numpy import NDArray
-from labthings_picamera2.thing import StreamingPiCamera2
-from labthings_sangaboard import SangaboardThing
+from .camera import Camera as CameraThing
+from .stage import Stage as StageThing
 import numpy as np
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
-Stage = direct_thing_client_dependency(SangaboardThing, "/stage/")
-Camera = raw_thing_dependency(StreamingPiCamera2)
-WrappedCamera = direct_thing_client_dependency(StreamingPiCamera2, "/camera/")
+Stage = direct_thing_client_dependency(StageThing, "/stage/")
+Camera = raw_thing_dependency(CameraThing)
+WrappedCamera = direct_thing_client_dependency(CameraThing, "/camera/")
 
 ### Autofocus utilities
 
diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera/__init__.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..14e386fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+"""OpenFlexure Microscope Camera
+
+This module defines the interface for cameras. Any compatible Thing
+should enabe the server to work.
+
+See repository root for licensing information.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+import logging
+from typing import Literal
+
+from labthings_fastapi.thing import Thing
+from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action, thing_property
+from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.metadata import GetThingStates
+from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.blocking_portal import BlockingPortal
+from labthings_fastapi.outputs.mjpeg_stream import MJPEGStreamDescriptor
+from labthings_fastapi.outputs.blob import BlobOutput
+from labthings_fastapi.types.numpy import NDArray
+
+
+class JPEGBlob(BlobOutput):
+    media_type = "image/jpeg"
+
+
+class Camera(Thing):
+    """A Thing representing a camera"""
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses must implement __enter__")
+    
+    def __exit__(self, _exc_type, _exc_value, _traceback):
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses must implement __exit__")
+
+    @thing_property
+    def stream_active(self) -> bool:
+        "Whether the MJPEG stream is active"
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses must implement stream_active")
+    mjpeg_stream = MJPEGStreamDescriptor()
+    lores_mjpeg_stream = MJPEGStreamDescriptor()
+
+    @thing_action
+    def snap_image(self) -> NDArray:
+        """Acquire one image from the camera.
+
+        This action cannot run if the camera is in use by a background thread, for
+        example if a preview stream is running.
+        """
+        return self.capture_array()
+
+    @thing_action
+    def capture_array(
+        self,
+        resolution: Literal["lores", "main", "full"] = "main",
+    ) -> NDArray:
+        """Acquire one image from the camera and return as an array
+
+        This function will produce a nested list containing an uncompressed RGB image.
+        It's likely to be highly inefficient - raw and/or uncompressed captures using
+        binary image formats will be added in due course.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses must implement capture_array")
+    
+    @thing_action
+    def capture_jpeg(
+        self,
+        metadata_getter: GetThingStates,
+        resolution: Literal["lores", "main", "full"] = "main",
+    ) -> JPEGBlob:
+        """Acquire one image from the camera and return as a JPEG blob
+
+        This function will produce a JPEG image.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses must implement capture_jpeg")
+
+    @thing_action
+    def grab_jpeg(
+        self,
+        portal: BlockingPortal,
+        stream_name: Literal["main", "lores"] = "main",
+    ) -> JPEGBlob:
+        """Acquire one image from the preview stream and return as an array
+
+        This differs from `capture_jpeg` in that it does not pause the MJPEG
+        preview stream. Instead, we simply return the next frame from that
+        stream (either "main" for the preview stream, or "lores" for the low
+        resolution preview). No metadata is returned.
+        """
+        logging.info(f"StreamingPiCamera2.grab_jpeg(stream_name={stream_name}) starting")
+        stream = (
+            self.lores_mjpeg_stream if stream_name == "lores" else self.mjpeg_stream
+        )
+        frame = portal.call(stream.grab_frame)
+        logging.info(f"StreamingPiCamera2.grab_jpeg(stream_name={stream_name}) got frame")
+        return JPEGBlob.from_bytes(frame)
+
+    @thing_action
+    def grab_jpeg_size(
+        self,
+        portal: BlockingPortal,
+        stream_name: Literal["main", "lores"] = "main",
+    ) -> int:
+        """Acquire one image from the preview stream and return its size"""
+        stream = (
+            self.lores_mjpeg_stream if stream_name == "lores" else self.mjpeg_stream
+        )
+        return portal.call(stream.next_frame_size)
diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/opencv_camera.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera/opencv.py
similarity index 66%
rename from src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/opencv_camera.py
rename to src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera/opencv.py
index 13f3c3ee..4732bfda 100644
--- a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/opencv_camera.py
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera/opencv.py
@@ -15,21 +15,21 @@ from threading import Thread
 import cv2
 import piexif
 
-from labthings_fastapi.thing import Thing
 from labthings_fastapi.utilities import get_blocking_portal
 from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action, thing_property
 from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.metadata import GetThingStates
-from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.blocking_portal import BlockingPortal
 from labthings_fastapi.outputs.mjpeg_stream import MJPEGStreamDescriptor
 from labthings_fastapi.outputs.blob import BlobOutput
 from labthings_fastapi.types.numpy import NDArray
 
+from . import Camera
+
 
 class JPEGBlob(BlobOutput):
     media_type = "image/jpeg"
 
 
-class OpenCVCamera(Thing):
+class OpenCVCamera(Camera):
     """A Thing representing an OpenCV camera"""
     def __init__(self, camera_index: int=0):
         self.camera_index = camera_index
@@ -68,16 +68,10 @@ class OpenCVCamera(Thing):
             self.lores_mjpeg_stream.add_frame(jpeg_lores, portal)
 
     @thing_action
-    def snap_image(self) -> NDArray:
-        """Acquire one image from the camera.
-
-        This action cannot run if the camera is in use by a background thread, for
-        example if a preview stream is running.
-        """
-        return self.capture_array()
-
-    @thing_action
-    def capture_array(self) -> NDArray:
+    def capture_array(
+        self,
+        resolution: Literal["main", "full"] = "full",
+    ) -> NDArray:
         """Acquire one image from the camera and return as an array
 
         This function will produce a nested list containing an uncompressed RGB image.
@@ -93,6 +87,7 @@ class OpenCVCamera(Thing):
     def capture_jpeg(
         self,
         metadata_getter: GetThingStates,
+        resolution: Literal["main", "full"] = "main",
     ) -> JPEGBlob:
         """Acquire one image from the camera and return as a JPEG blob
 
@@ -112,36 +107,3 @@ class OpenCVCamera(Thing):
         output = io.BytesIO()
         piexif.insert(piexif.dump(exif_dict), jpeg, output)
         return JPEGBlob.from_bytes(output.getvalue())
-
-    @thing_action
-    def grab_jpeg(
-        self,
-        portal: BlockingPortal,
-        stream_name: Literal["main", "lores"] = "main",
-    ) -> JPEGBlob:
-        """Acquire one image from the preview stream and return as an array
-
-        This differs from `capture_jpeg` in that it does not pause the MJPEG
-        preview stream. Instead, we simply return the next frame from that
-        stream (either "main" for the preview stream, or "lores" for the low
-        resolution preview). No metadata is returned.
-        """
-        logging.info(f"StreamingPiCamera2.grab_jpeg(stream_name={stream_name}) starting")
-        stream = (
-            self.lores_mjpeg_stream if stream_name == "lores" else self.mjpeg_stream
-        )
-        frame = portal.call(stream.grab_frame)
-        logging.info(f"StreamingPiCamera2.grab_jpeg(stream_name={stream_name}) got frame")
-        return JPEGBlob.from_bytes(frame)
-
-    @thing_action
-    def grab_jpeg_size(
-        self,
-        portal: BlockingPortal,
-        stream_name: Literal["main", "lores"] = "main",
-    ) -> int:
-        """Acquire one image from the preview stream and return its size"""
-        stream = (
-            self.lores_mjpeg_stream if stream_name == "lores" else self.mjpeg_stream
-        )
-        return portal.call(stream.next_frame_size)
diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera_stage_mapping.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera_stage_mapping.py
index abe1d7e1..395c9e6d 100644
--- a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera_stage_mapping.py
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/camera_stage_mapping.py
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ from camera_stage_mapping.camera_stage_calibration_1d import (
     image_to_stage_displacement_from_1d,
 )
 from camera_stage_mapping.camera_stage_tracker import Tracker
-from labthings_picamera2.thing import StreamingPiCamera2
-from labthings_sangaboard import SangaboardThing
+from .camera import Camera as CameraThing
+from .stage import Stage as StageThing
 
 from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.thing import direct_thing_client_dependency
 from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.invocation import InvocationCancelledError, InvocationLogger
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ from labthings_fastapi.types.numpy import NDArray, denumpify, DenumpifyingDict
 from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action, thing_property
 from labthings_fastapi.thing import Thing
 
-Camera = direct_thing_client_dependency(StreamingPiCamera2, "/camera/")
-Stage = direct_thing_client_dependency(SangaboardThing, "/stage/")
+Camera = direct_thing_client_dependency(CameraThing, "/camera/")
+Stage = direct_thing_client_dependency(StageThing, "/stage/")
 
 CoordinateType = Tuple[float, float, float]
 XYCoordinateType = Tuple[float, float]
@@ -87,7 +87,10 @@ def make_hardware_interface(
         return downsample(downsample_factor, img)
     def settle() -> None:
         time.sleep(0.2)
-        camera.capture_metadata
+        try:
+            camera.capture_metadata  # This discards frames on a picamera
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass  # Don't raise an error for other cameras (may consider grabbing a frame)
     return HardwareInterfaceModel(
         move=move, get_position=get_position, grab_image=grab_image, settle=settle, grab_image_downsampling=downsample_factor
     )
diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/smart_scan.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/smart_scan.py
index 600bab4a..3ffa976b 100644
--- a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/smart_scan.py
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/smart_scan.py
@@ -28,14 +28,15 @@ from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.thing import direct_thing_client_dependency
 from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.invocation import CancelHook, InvocationLogger, InvocationCancelledError
 from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action, thing_property, fastapi_endpoint
 from labthings_fastapi.outputs.blob import BlobOutput
-from labthings_sangaboard import SangaboardThing
-from labthings_picamera2.thing import StreamingPiCamera2
+from .camera import Camera
+from .stage import Stage
 from openflexure_microscope_server.things.autofocus import AutofocusThing
 from openflexure_microscope_server.things.camera_stage_mapping import CameraStageMapper
 from openflexure_microscope_server.things.auto_recentre_stage import RecentringThing
 
-StageDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(SangaboardThing, "/stage/")
-CamDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(StreamingPiCamera2, "/camera/")
+
+CamDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(Camera, "/camera/")
+StageDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(Stage, "/stage/")
 CSMDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(CameraStageMapper, "/camera_stage_mapping/")
 AutofocusDep = direct_thing_client_dependency(AutofocusThing, "/autofocus/")
 RecentreStage = direct_thing_client_dependency(RecentringThing, "/auto_recentre_stage/")
diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/stage/__init__.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/stage/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f600f58e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/stage/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+from labthings_fastapi.descriptors.property import PropertyDescriptor
+from labthings_fastapi.thing import Thing
+from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action, thing_property
+from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.invocation import CancelHook
+from collections.abc import Sequence, Mapping
+
+
+class Stage(Thing):
+    """A dummy stage for testing purposes
+    
+    This stage should work similarly to a Sangaboard stage, but without any
+    hardware attached.
+    """
+    _axis_names = ("x", "y", "z")
+
+    @thing_property
+    def axis_names(self) -> Sequence[str]:
+        """The names of the stage's axes, in order."""
+        return self._axis_names
+
+    position = PropertyDescriptor(
+        Mapping[str, int],
+        {k: 0 for k in _axis_names},
+        description="Current position of the stage",
+        readonly=True,
+        observable=True,
+    )
+
+    moving = PropertyDescriptor(
+        bool,
+        False,
+        description="Whether the stage is in motion",
+        readonly=True,
+        observable=True,
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def thing_state(self):
+        """Summary metadata describing the current state of the stage"""
+        return {
+            "position": self.position
+        }
+    
+    @thing_action
+    def move_relative(self, cancel: CancelHook, block_cancellation: bool=False, **kwargs: Mapping[str, int]):
+        """Make a relative move. Keyword arguments should be axis names."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses should implement this method")
+
+    @thing_action
+    def move_absolute(self, cancel: CancelHook, block_cancellation: bool=False, **kwargs: Mapping[str, int]):
+        """Make an absolute move. Keyword arguments should be axis names."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses should implement this method")
+        
+    @thing_action
+    def set_zero_position(self):
+        """Make the current position zero in all axes
+        
+        This action does not move the stage, but resets the position to zero.
+        It is intended for use after manually or automatically recentring the
+        stage.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Subclasses should implement this method")
diff --git a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/dummy_stage.py b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/stage/dummy.py
similarity index 71%
rename from src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/dummy_stage.py
rename to src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/stage/dummy.py
index 6ce16e7d..ca1f7f63 100644
--- a/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/dummy_stage.py
+++ b/src/openflexure_microscope_server/things/stage/dummy.py
@@ -1,54 +1,24 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
-from labthings_fastapi.descriptors.property import PropertyDescriptor
-from labthings_fastapi.thing import Thing
-from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action, thing_property
+from labthings_fastapi.decorators import thing_action
 from labthings_fastapi.dependencies.invocation import CancelHook, InvocationCancelledError
-from collections.abc import Sequence, Mapping
+from collections.abc import Mapping
 import time
 
+from . import Stage
 
-class DummyStage(Thing):
+
+class DummyStage(Stage):
     """A dummy stage for testing purposes
     
     This stage should work similarly to a Sangaboard stage, but without any
     hardware attached.
     """
-    _axis_names = ("x", "y", "z")
-
     def __enter__(self):
         pass
 
     def __exit__(self, _exc_type, _exc_value, _traceback):
         pass
 
-    @thing_property
-    def axis_names(self) -> Sequence[str]:
-        """The names of the stage's axes, in order."""
-        return self._axis_names
-
-    position = PropertyDescriptor(
-        Mapping[str, int],
-        {k: 0 for k in _axis_names},
-        description="Current position of the stage",
-        readonly=True,
-        observable=True,
-    )
-
-    moving = PropertyDescriptor(
-        bool,
-        False,
-        description="Whether the stage is in motion",
-        readonly=True,
-        observable=True,
-    )
-
-    @property
-    def thing_state(self):
-        """Summary metadata describing the current state of the stage"""
-        return {
-            "position": self.position
-        }
-    
     @thing_action
     def move_relative(self, cancel: CancelHook, block_cancellation: bool=False, **kwargs: Mapping[str, int]):
         """Make a relative move. Keyword arguments should be axis names."""